THE TRANSLATE UTILITY
---------------------

This readme file describes how to use the Translate utility to convert files from one file format to another. It also explains how to translate files from the DOS prompt.

Note: You can't use Translate to convert files to or from the .WK4 format.

Translating files
-----------------

1-2-3 Release 5 comes with a Translate utility for converting 1-2-3 and other file types to formats that are compatible with previous releases of 1-2-3, and with other spreadsheet and database management programs. 

1-2-3 Release 5 lets you work with a variety of file types by automatically translating the files for you. For example, you can open a Release 2 file directly in 1-2-3 Release 5. For information, see "Opening and saving files" in Appendix A of the 1-2-3 Release 5 for Windows User's Guide.

Use Translate when you must translate files to types that you can't open or save in 1-2-3 Release 5. For example, you can open a .WKS file in 1-2-3 Release 5, but you can't save it in that format. To use the file again with Release 1A, save it as a file type such as .WK3 that you can then convert to .WKS with Translate.
 
In addition, if a .WK3 file contains multiple worksheets, before you can use it with 1-2-3 for DOS Release 2 or Symphony, you must use Translate to convert it to one or more .WK1 files.

Terms you should know
---------------------

The Translate utility uses these terms:        

- The source product is the application from which you translate.
      --------------
- The target product is the application to whose file format you            --------------
  translate.
      
- The source file is the file or named range you want to translate.         -----------
- The target file is the file you create with Translate. 
      -----------

Files you can translate
-----------------------

You can translate files from the products below to .WK3 file format.

Source product					Extension
        
dBASE II(R), dBASE III(R), and dBASE III Plus(R) .DBF
Enable(R) Version 2.0				 .SSF
Multiplan(R) Release 4.2			 .SLK
SuperCalc(R) 4					 .CAL
Products that create files in DIF(R) format,	 .DIF
such as Visicalc(R)	

You can translate .WK3 files to file formats that are compatible with the products below.

Target product					Extension

1-2-3 Release 1A				.WKS
1-2-3 Releases 2.0, 2.01, 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4	.WK1
Symphony Releases 1.0 and 1.01	.WRK
Symphony Releases 1.1, 1.2, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 3.0	.WR1
dBASE II, dBASE III, and dBASE III Plus		.DBF
Enable Version 2.0				.SSF
Multiplan Release 4.2				.SLK
SuperCalc4					.CAL
Products that create files in DIF format,	.DIF
such as Visicalc	

Installing the Translate Utility
--------------------------------

Before you can start Translate, the translate files must be on your hard disk. You can place them in any directory.  The following steps assume the translate disk is in drive A, and the 1-2-3 directory is C:\123R5W\PROGRAMS. Make substitutions as appropriate:

1. Insert the Translate disk in drive A and close the drive door.

2. At the C: prompt make the 1-2-3 directory current by typing
   CD123R5W\PROGRAMS.

3. Type copy A:*.* and press ENTER.

Using the Translate utility
---------------------------

To use the Translate utility, you must start it; select a source product, a target product, and a source file; and specify the target file name.

Restrictions on translating
---------------------------

Depending on the target product you select, you see information on size and structure of the files you can translate, and the results of discrepancies between a source file and target product. Additional restrictions include the following:        

- You can't translate password-protected or sealed .WK3 files.        

- You can't translate files created with File Save As using the     Selected range only option until you open the files and resave them.        
- The source file extension must be the same as the default source     product extension. If the source file extension is different, rename   the file before you use Translate.         

- If a source file contains a feature or @function that has no     equivalent in the target product, Translate may create a label or  
  message in the target file in place of the feature or @function.
  In most cases, Translate displays the result of a formula rather
  than the formula itself in the translated file.        

- The amount of memory available in your computer may restrict the
  size of the files you can translate. 

To start the Translate utility
------------------------------

You must start the Translate utility from DOS.

1.  At the DOS prompt, change to the 1-2-3 Release 5 directory (or to     the Directory containing Translate.)

2.  Type trans and press ENTER.

To translate files
------------------

1.  Highlight a source product and press ENTER.

2.  Highlight a target product and press ENTER.

    Be sure to read the translation information that appears.

3.  To continue, press ESC. 

    You see a list of the files in the current directory. To list
    files in a different directory, edit the source file path and
    press ENTER.
    
    Note: You can't change the source file extension.

4.  Highlight the source file you want to translate. To select
    multiple files, highlight each file name and press the space bar.
    When you finish, press ENTER.

    If you're translating one file, you see a prompt followed by the
    default target file name, which Translate creates by adding the
    target product extension to the source file name. If you're
    translating more than one file, you see an * (asterisk) followed
    by the target product extension.  As it converts each file,
    Translate replaces the asterisk with the characters in the file
    name.

5.  Make the following changes as needed and then press ENTER:

	- If you want to put the target file in a different directory, 	  edit the directory in the Target file field.

	- If you're translating one file, you can type a new target 	  file name. 

6.  You may see additional prompts in the following situations:

	- If a file with the target file name already exists, a prompt 	  asks if you want to write over the existing file. Select Yes 	  to write over the file or No to change the target file name.

	- If you're translating a .WK3 file to .WK1, a prompt asks if           you want to save Release 3 @functions as add-in @functions 	  or as labels.

	  Note: The options below apply only to Release 3 @functions 	  not in Release 2. If you translate a .WK3 file containing 	  Release 5 @functions that aren't available in Release 3, 	  Translate displays the label "FORMULA TRANSLATION ERROR" in 	  any cells containing them.

		
	- If you're translating from a .WK3 file, a prompt asks if you 	  want to translate one worksheet or all worksheets in the 	  file.

	  One worksheet - Type the appropriate worksheet letter at the 	  prompt and press ENTER. If you're translating more than one 	  file, all of the files must contain a worksheet with the 	  letter you type. 

	  All worksheets - 1-2-3 translates each worksheet of each 	  source file to a separate target file. For more information, 	  see "Translating multiple-sheet files" later in this file.        

	- If you're translating from DIF format, choose whether to 	  organize the data by row or column. If you're translating 	  more than one file, you must translate all files the same 	  way.        

	- If you're translating to dBASE II, dBASE III, or dBASE III 	  Plus format, specify whether you want to translate a named 	  range or an entire file. If you select Named range, enter 	  the name of a single-sheet range at the prompt. If you're 	  translating more than one file, all of the source files must 	  contain a range with the same name.

7.  When the Translate utility asks if you want to proceed with the
    translation, select Yes to translate the file, No to return to the     list of source files, or Quit to return to the Translate menu         without translating the file.

    If the source file contains information that can't be translated,     such as new 1-2-3 Release 5 @functions, you see a message. 

8.  Press ESC to return to the Translate menu. 

To end the Translate utility
----------------------------

1.  Press ESC. 

2.  At the prompt, select Yes to end the application or No to return      to the Translate menu.

Translating multiple-sheet files
--------------------------------

When you translate a .WK3 file, you can translate one worksheet or all worksheets in the file. If you translate all worksheets, Translate converts each worksheet to a separate file.

Translate names each new single-sheet file by appending two characters to the source file name. If a worksheet has a two-character worksheet letter (AA - IV), Translate uses both letters. If a worksheet has a single-character worksheet letter (A - Z), Translate precedes the letter by a zero. For example, if you translate a file named SALES that contains two worksheets (A and B), Translate names the new files SALES0A and SALES0B.

If the source file name has seven or eight characters, Translate creates the target file names by replacing the seventh and eighth characters with the target file's original worksheet letter. For example, if the source file BUDGET92 contains two worksheets (A and B), Translate names the new files BUDGET0A and BUDGET0B.

	Caution: If you translate two multiple-sheet files, each with 	the same first six characters in the file name, Translate 	creates duplicate names and writes over the first file you 	translate. For 	example, if the two files BUDGET91 and 		BUDGET92 each have two worksheets and you translate both, 	Translate first creates BUDGET0A and BUDGET0B from BUDGET91, 	and then BUDGET0A and BUDGET0B from BUDGET92. Rather than four 	new files, you have two new files. To avoid this, rename the 	files before you translate them so the first
 	six characters are unique.


Translating from the DOS prompt
-------------------------------

The commands listed below let you translate files without using the Translate menu. You can also automate translation by setting up a batch file with the names of the files you translate routinely. See your DOS manual for information on creating batch files.

Note: To see information on a Translate command, enter the command at the DOS prompt.

Command		Translates files between .WK3 and these file formats

trandb2		dBASE II

trandb3		dBASE III and dBASE III Plus

trandif		Products that can open and save files in DIF format, 		such as	Visicalc

tranena2	Enable Version 2.0

transup4	SuperCalc4

transylk	Multiplan Release 4.2

tranwks		1-2-3 Releases 1A, 2.0, 2.01, 2.2, 2.3, and
 		2.4Symphony Releases 1.0, 1.01, 1.1, 1.2, 2.0, 2.1,
 		2.2, and 3.0

If the name of a file you want to translate doesn't include the default source product extension, rename the file to include the default extension before translating it.

To enter a Translate command from the DOS prompt, type the command using the syntax described below and press ENTER. 

Syntax of Translate commands
----------------------------

You can use uppercase or lowercase letters for Translate commands. You can also use wildcard characters such as ? (question mark) and * (asterisk) to translate a group of files with similar names. When you do so, you must use the target product extension. 

For information about using wildcard characters, search on "Wildcard characters" in 1-2-3 Release 5 Help.


Translate commands use the following syntax:

Command source-file target-file flags

Replace variables as follows:        

- command is one of the Translate commands.        
  -------
- source-file is the source file you want to translate.        
  -----------
- target-file is the name you give to the target file.        
  -----------
- flags are options that can include the following:
  ----- 

	-a -When translating to .WK1, .WRK, or .WR1 format, translates 	new Release 3 @functions and new @function arguments as add-in
        @functions, and formulas containing links to other files as
        @@functions. If you don't use -a, these @functions and 		formulas are translated as labels.

	-lx - Translates one worksheet in a multiple-sheet file, where 	x is the letter of the worksheet to be translated.

	-o - Writes over an existing file with the same name.

	-r - When used with transdif, transposes columns to rows.

	-rname - When used with trandb2 or trandb3, translates a named 	range in a .WK3 file to a file in .DBF format, where name is 	the name of the range to be translated.

Examples:


1) tranwks income1.wk3 income1.wk1

Translates a .WK3 file to a .WK1 file with the same name and a different extension. 

2) trandb2 plan93.wk3 alldiv.dbf -o -rcosts

Translates a range named COSTS in a .WK3 file to an existing .DBF file. Because the target file already exists, you use the -o flag to write over the existing file. To translate a named range, you use the -r flag followed by the range name. 

3) trandif oldprod.dif oldprod.wk3 -r

Translates a .DIF file to a .WK3 file, transposing the data from columns to rows. 

4) transylk *.slk *.wk3 -o

Translates all .SLK files to .WK3 files of the same name, writing over any existing .WK3 files with the same names.




(R) Indicates registered Traemarks.